Interventional radiology, also known as IR, is the medical specialty that uses imaging guidance to perform minimally invasive procedures. The history of interventional radiology dates back to the early 20th century when pioneers in the field began experimenting with using x-rays to diagnose and treat various conditions.
In 1929, Werner Forssman, a surgical resident at the time, did a cutdown on himself and inserted a catheter into a vein of his arm and advanced it into the right atrium of his heart. Because his superiors thought that his procedure was dangerous, he was heavily criticized but eventually his work was vindicated and in 1956 he got the Nobel price in Medicine. In 1953, Dr. Sven Seldinger published his ground breaking "over-the-wire" catheterization method. His method allowed the safe introduction of catheters in arteries and veins without a need for a cut-down. One of the key figures in the development of interventional radiology was Dr. Charles Dotter, who is often referred to as the "father of interventional radiology". In the 1960s, Dotter pioneered a technique that would later become known as angioplasty.
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